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Tuesday, April 14, 2020

Writing - part xx194 Writing a Novel, Protagonists from Classics: Ulysses

14 April 2020, Writing - part xx194 Writing a Novel, Protagonists from Classics:  Ulysses

Announcement: Delay, my new novels can be seen on the internet, but my primary publisher has gone out of business—they couldn’t succeed in the past business and publishing environment.  I’ll keep you informed, but I need a new publisher.  More information can be found at www.ancientlight.com.  Check out my novels—I think you’ll really enjoy them.

Introduction: I wrote the novel Aksinya: Enchantment and the Daemon. This was my 21st novel and through this blog, I gave you the entire novel in installments that included commentary on the writing. In the commentary, in addition to other general information on writing, I explained, how the novel was constructed, the metaphors and symbols in it, the writing techniques and tricks I used, and the way I built the scenes. You can look back through this blog and read the entire novel beginning with http://www.pilotlion.blogspot.com/2010/10/new-novel-part-3-girl-and-demon.html.

I’m using this novel as an example of how I produce, market, and eventually (we hope) get a novel published. I’ll keep you informed along the way.

Today’s Blog: To see the steps in the publication process, visit my writing websites http://www.sisteroflight.com/.
The four plus one basic rules I employ when writing:
1. Don’t confuse your readers.
2. Entertain your readers.
3. Ground your readers in the writing.
4. Don’t show (or tell) everything.
     4a. Show what can be seen, heard, felt, smelled, and tasted on the stage of the novel.
5. Immerse yourself in the world of your writing.
These are the steps I use to write a novel including the five discrete parts of a novel:

1.     Design the initial scene
2.     Develop a theme statement (initial setting, protagonist, protagonist’s helper or antagonist, action statement)
a.     Research as required
b.     Develop the initial setting
c.     Develop the characters
d.     Identify the telic flaw (internal and external)
3.     Write the initial scene (identify the output: implied setting, implied characters, implied action movement)
4.     Write the next scene(s) to the climax (rising action)
5.     Write the climax scene
6.     Write the falling action scene(s)
7.     Write the dénouement scene
I finished writing my 29th novel, working title, Detective, potential title Blue Rose: Enchantment and the Detective.  The theme statement is: Lady Azure Rose Wishart, the Chancellor of the Fae, supernatural detective, and all around dangerous girl, finds love, solves cases, breaks heads, and plays golf.  
Here is the cover proposal for Blue Rose: Enchantment and the Detective
Cover Proposal
The most important scene in any novel is the initial scene, but eventually, you have to move to the rising action. I am continuing to write on my 30th novel, working title Red Sonja.  I finished my 29th novel, working title Detective.  I’m planning to start on number 31, working title Shifter
How to begin a novel.  Number one thought, we need an entertaining idea.  I usually encapsulate such an idea with a theme statement.  Since I’m writing a new novel, we need a new theme statement.  Here is an initial cut.

For novel 30:  Red Sonja, a Soviet spy, infiltrates the X-plane programs at Edwards AFB as a test pilot’s administrative clerk, learns about freedom, and is redeemed.

For novel 31:  Deirdre and Sorcha are redirected to French finishing school where they discover difficult mysteries, people, and events. 

Here is the scene development outline:

1. Scene input (comes from the previous scene output or is an initial scene)
2. Write the scene setting (place, time, stuff, and characters)
3. Imagine the output, creative elements, plot, telic flaw resolution (climax) and develop the tension and release.
4. Write the scene using the output and creative elements to build the tension.
5. Write the release
6. Write the kicker
          
Today:  Why don’t we go back to the basics and just writing a novel?  I can tell you what I do, and show you how I go about putting a novel together.  We can start with developing an idea then move into the details of the writing. 

To start a novel, I picture an initial scene.  I may start from a protagonist or just launch into mental development of an initial scene.  I get the idea for an initial scene from all kinds of sources.  To help get the creative juices flowing, let’s look at the initial scene. 

1.     Meeting between the protagonist and the antagonist or the protagonist’s helper
2.     Action point in the plot
3.     Buildup to an exciting scene
4.     Indirect introduction of the protagonist

Ideas.  We need ideas.  Ideas allow us to figure out the protagonist and the telic flaw.  Ideas don’t come fully armed from the mind of Zeus.  We need to cultivate ideas. 

1.     Read novels. 
2.     Fill your mind with good stuff—basically the stuff you want to write about. 
3.     Figure out what will build ideas in your mind and what will kill ideas in your mind.
4.     Study.
5.     Teach. 
6.     Make the catharsis. 
7.     Write.

The development of ideas is based on study and research, but it is also based on creativity.  Creativity is the extrapolation of older ideas to form new ones or to present old ideas in a new form.  It is a reflection of something new created with ties to the history, science, and logic (the intellect).  Creativity requires consuming, thinking, and producing.

If we have filled our mind with all kinds of information and ideas, we are ready to become creative.  Creativity means the extrapolation of older ideas to form new ones or to present old ideas in a new form.  Literally, we are seeing the world in a new way, or actually, we are seeing some part of the world in a new way. 

So, modern characters must look like the reader’s impression of the protagonist.  This is an interesting problem as culture and society change as does the impression of the readers.         

I’ve been presenting the means to develop protagonists and characters your readers will enjoy—precisely those that will entertain your readers.  Mainly, the ideas I’ve proposed are these: seeking knowledge, readers, decisions the reader would make, pathos building, and overall, entertaining. 

If we agree, any breech between the protagonist and the reader is not desirable, we can move forward.   

Below is that list of classics.  Let’s look at it from the standpoint of protagonist’s I/we love.  Perhaps after I look at these from the standpoint of the protagonists I love, we can look at the opposite too.
1 Pride and Prejudice - Jane Austen – I love this novel, but I can’t say I loved the protagonist or any character in it.  They are all too Victorian and too filled with themselves and their imagined slights and worlds.
2 The Lord of the Rings - JRR Tolkien – Does anyone really love any of these characters.  I don’t.  
3 Jane Eyre - Charlotte Bronte – I do love the young Jane and the older Jane is likable.  We can look at this one.
4 Dandelion Wine – Ray Bradbury – Best modern novel in English.  I evaluated this protagonist.
5 To Kill a Mockingbird - Harper Lee – I don’t find this protagonist to be lovable or likable.  I’ll skip.
6 The Bible – Most important book to understand Western culture.  There is no single book or protagonist and this isn’t a novel.
7 Wuthering Heights - Emily Bronte – I did enjoy the protagonist’s helper, but can anyone love this protagonist?
8 Nineteen Eighty Four - George Orwell.  I like this novel, but the protagonist is not lovable or likable and barely rememberable.
9 We The Living – Ayn Rand.  This is an unforgettable protagonist.  Definitely, we should look at this one.   
10 Great Expectations - Charles Dickens.  There are no lovable characters in this novel.

11 Little Women - Louisa M Alcott – Jo isn’t my favorite protagonist.  The other characters are somewhat lovable.
12 Tess of the D’Urbervilles - Thomas Hardy.  None of Hardy’s protagonists are lovable.
13 Dune – Frank Herbert.  Paul is a lovable and unforgettable character in the first novel.  The author does pretty much destroy him as a protagonist at the end of the novel.
14 Complete Works of Shakespeare – better to see as plays.  This is a set of plays with many protagonists.  Many are unforgettable and lovable. 
15 Rebecca - Daphne Du Maurier.  The protagonist is not lovable in this novel.
16 The Hobbit - JRR Tolkien.  Bilbo Baggins is indeed a lovable and unforgettable character in this novel.
17 The Cadwal Chronicles – Jack Vance.  I evaluated this protagonist.
18 Catcher in the Rye - JD Salinger.  Nope, this is not a lovable human or protagonist.
19 The Green Pearl Novels – Jack Vance.  Yes, the protagonists in these novels are indeed lovable, and not so unforgettable.  It’s worth looking at.
20 Middlemarch - George Eliot.  I don’t consider this protagonist to be lovable or unforgettable.  Eliot’s protagonists are generally too real to make great protagonists.  Her human interaction and complex and realistic plots make her novels great.

21 Gone With The Wind - Margaret Mitchel.  They are unforgettable, but not lovable or even likable.
22 The Great Gatsby - F Scott Fitzgerald.  I’m not sure any protagonists by Fitzgerald are likable at all.
23 Bleak House - Charles Dickens.  Dickens is best knowns for whiny kids and adults, not really unforgettable protagonists unless you consider Scrooge and Mr. Pickwick.
24 War and Peace - Leo Tolstoy – I’m not so sure this is a great novel in English.  Yeah, no.
25 Starship Troopers – Robert Heinlein.  I covered this novel and its protagonist.  It is one of the best for great protagonists.
27 Crime and Punishment - Fyodor Dostoyevsky.  Not unless you like criminals.
28 Grapes of Wrath - John Steinbeck – In Dubious Battle may be better.  I can’t love or even like Steinbeck’s protagonist’s.  I don’t think Steinbeck liked his protagonists.
29 Alice in Wonderland - Lewis Carroll.  Yes, Alice is unforgettable and lovable.
30 The Wind in the Willows - Kenneth Grahame.  Ratty is too chatty, Mole is too quiet, Mr. Toad is crazy, and Mr. Badger is scary.  Kids aren’t sure who the protagonist really is and if they like them.

31 Anna Karenina - Leo Tolstoy – Not so sure about this one, but it’s worth a read.  Tolstoy’s characters are devious and scary.  If you like this, then perhaps, but they aren’t that memorable or lovable to me.
32 David Copperfield - Charles Dickens.  Alright, David is memorable and lovable to a degree.  He’s definitely less whiny than Oliver. 
33 Chronicles of Narnia - CS Lewis.  I’ll skip this because although you have a hard time forgetting these characters, they aren’t very lovable.  That’s part of the point of the writing.
34 Emma -Jane Austen.  I can’t remember Emma although I’ve read this novel more than once.  I’ll skip it.
35 Persuasion - Jane Austen.  Jane’s characters are just not that memorable or lovable to me.  They are typical Victorian.
36 Atlas Shrugged – Ayn Rand.  Who really is the protagonist in this million word novel?  I love the novel, and the characters are unforgettable, but there are many.  I’ll skip it.
37 The Tale of Genji -
Murasaki Shikibu.  This is a wonderful novel and the first ever written.  The protagonist is not a very good, honorable, or lovable person. 
38 The House of Seven Gables -
Nathaniel Hawthorne.  The protagonist is forgettable, but this is a great novel.
39 The Scarlet Letter -
Nathaniel HawthorneThis is perhaps one of the most unforgettable characters of the novels from this age.  Perhaps the most unforgettable, but only somewhat likable.  Still, we should look at Hester.
40 Winnie the Pooh - AA Milne.  Pooh Bear or Christopher Robin?  Pooh Bear is lovable and unforgettable.

41 Animal Farm - George Orwell.  George doesn’t write many protagonists anyone could like.
42 Dracula – Bram Stoker – First Gothic horror novel.  Great novel, but the monster isn’t really the protagonist.  Perhaps this novel is worth looking at anyway.
43 Til We All Have Faces – C.S. Lewis – two for one—you get Cupid and Psyche at the same time.  The characters aren’t very lovable or unforgettable.
44 Le Morte D'Arthur - Thomas Malory – chief basis for Arthurian Legend and chivalry.  I can’t handle Arthur or his friends.  I love the novels. 
45 The Woman in White - Wilkie Collins.  Collins writes wonderful novels, but his Victorian characters are not very memorable.
46 Anne of Green Gables - LM Montgomery.  Yeah Anne is unforgettable and lovable at the beginning.
47 Far From The Madding Crowd - Thomas Hardy.  I already wrote about Hardy.
48 Ivanhoe – Sir Walter Scott – perhaps the most important historical novel about England.  Ivanhoe is unforgettable, and lovable, but he is almost a flat plate around whom the other characters interact. 
49 Lord of the Flies - William Golding.  No one could like one of Golding’s characters.  His books are wonderful.
50 The Fountainhead – Ayn Rand.  Howard Roark is unforgettable, but really not that lovable. 

51 What Katy Did - Sarah Chauncey Woolsey under her pen name Susan Coolidge.  A lovable character, but flat.
52 A Little Princess -
Frances Hodgson BurnettSara is unforgettable and lovable.  We covered her.
53 The Secret Garden -
Frances Hodgson Burnett.  The protagonist is unforgettable and becomes lovable.
54 Sense and Sensibility - Jane Austen.  Nah, for the same reasons above.
55 The Jungle Book - Rudyard Kipling.  Mowgli seems like a side character compared to the animals.
56 Kim - Rudyard Kipling.  Kim is unforgettable and lovable.  Classic Romantic character.
57 A Tale Of Two Cities - Charles Dickens.  Nope.
58 Brave New World - Aldous Huxley.  Huxley’s characters are forgettable and unlovable.
59 Beowulf – Unknown.  Beowulf is an unforgettable and lovable character.
60 The Odyssey – Homer.  Oh yeah, no one can forget Ulysses.  He isn’t that lovable, but he is Greek

61 Of Mice and Men - John Steinbeck.  I wrote that Steinbeck doesn’t like his own characters, how can we?
62 Lolita - Vladimir Nabokov.  No one could like this character.
63 The Moonstone - Wilkie Collins – first detective story in English.  The Moonstone has the same protagonist problems of other novels in its time.  The protagonist is hard to determine and to like.
64 The Maltese Falcon - Dashiell Hammett – first noir detective novel.  Great novel, but the protagonist is intentionally not likable.
65 Count of Monte Cristo - Alexandre Dumas.   The Count fades into obscurity.  The Three Musketeer’s D’Artagnan
66 As I Lay Dying - William Faulkner.  Nope.
67 Jude the Obscure - Thomas Hardy.  Nope.
68 Robinson Caruso – Daniel Defoe – First novel in English.  Yeah, Robinson is an unforgettable and lovable character.
69 The Red Badge of Courage - Stephen Crane.  Nope, you can’t love a coward. 
70 Moby Dick - Herman Melville.  Nope.

71 Oliver Twist - Charles Dickens.  Perhaps.  I find Oliver flat, but he is worth looking at.
72 Don Quixote - Miguel De Cervantes.  Yeah, unforgettable and lovable for the wrong reasons.
73 Heidi – Johanna Spyri.  Definitely unforgettable and lovable.  I should have included her in the original list.
74 Hans Brinker - Mary Mapes Dodge.  Definitely unforgettable and lovable.
75 Ulysses - James Joyce – really not worth the read and not really a classic, but you might as well know what a bad novel is.  Nope.
76 The Inferno – Dante.  Nope.
77 The Big Sky Country – Arlo Guthrie.  Guthrie is a great author and his characters are unforgettable, but not for good reasons.
78 Germinal - Emile Zola.  Yeah, nope.
79 Vanity Fair - William Makepeace Thackeray.  Thackeray’s characters are intentionally not likable.

80 The Black Arrow - Robert Louis Stevenson.  Definitely unforgettable protagonist’s helper.  Perhaps this is worth looking at.
81 A Christmas Carol - Charles Dickens.  Scrooge is definitely unforgettable and lovable.  He is worth looking at.
82 Treasure Island - Robert Louis Stevenson.  Not so lovable or memorable.
83 The Gulag Archipelago - Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn.  It’s hard to love Solzhenitsyn’s protagonists or characters.
84 The Miser – George Elliot.  Silas Mariner is definitely an unforgettable protagonist and protagonist’s helper.
85 Madame Bovary - Gustave Flaubert.  Nope.
86 For Whom the Bell Tolls – Ernest Hemmingway.  Hemmingway’s protagonist’s helper is memorable, but few of his characters are lovable.
87 Tarzan – Edger Rice Burroughs.  Oh yeah, tarzan is unforgettable and lovable.
88 The Death of Socrates – Plato.  Unforgettable, and likable, but frustrating and not a novel.
89 Adventures of Sherlock Holmes - Sir Arthur Conan Doyle.  Most readers like the protagonist’s helper, Dr. Watson better than Sherlock.  Perhaps this might be worth looking at.
90 I, Robot - Isaac Asimov.  Asimov’s technology and protagonists are not memorable.

91 Heart of Darkness - Joseph Conrad.  Nope.
92 The Little Prince - Antoine De Saint-Exupery.  The Prince is flat, but the writer or aviator in the stories is very interesting and lovable.
93 Huckleberry Fin – Mark Twain.  Yeah, you can’t forget and you have to love Twain’s protagnists.
94 Watership Down - Richard Adams.  Nope, it’s rabbits.
95 Gulliver’s Travels - Jonathan Swift.  Swift’s protagonists were for satire and irony not love or memory.
96 Matilda – Roald Dahl.  Perfect.
97 The Three Musketeers - Alexandre Dumas.  Yeap, one of the most balanced novels with more than one major character in orbit around a wonderful protagonist.
98 The Canterbury Tales - Geoffrey Chaucer.  More than one protagonist.
99 Charlie and the Chocolate Factory - Roald Dahl.  Charlie is pretty forgettable.
100 Les Miserables - Victor Hugo.  Nope.  Great Romantic novel but a poor Romantic protagonist.
101 The Once and Future King – T.H. White.  The first novel presents an acceptable Arthur.
102 The Deerslayer – James Fenimore Cooper.  Who can forget Natty Bumpo?
103 The Black Book of Communism – Various.  Not a novel.
104 Ben Hur – Lew Wallace.  Forgettable protagonist, but worth looking at.
105 The Robe – Lloyd C. Douglas.  Also forgettable.
106 The Pilgrim’s Progress – John Bunyan.  A very flat protagonist, but it is an allegory.
107 The Histories – Herodotus.  Not a novel.
108 Lives – Plutarch.  Not a novel.
109 The Call of the Wild – Jack London.  Perhaps the most unforgettable animal protagonist.
110 Stand on Zanzibar – John Brunner.  Not a very memorable protagonist and definitely not lovable.

111 The Shockwave Rider – John Brunner – prediction of the computer virus and inspiration for it.  Kinda not memorable.  Definitely not lovable.
112. The Aeneid – Virgil.  Nah.  Forgettable.

I gleaned the protagonists that are memorable and lovable to me from the list of classics.  What I’ll do is look at them individually.

Alright, I didn’t cover the “hero” when discussing the Romantic protagonist.  The “hero” can really fill in some important cracks for the Romantic protagonist.  This isn’t a method to save a terrible protagonist, but the concept of the hero is really a great idea.  I did kind of discuss this when I wrote about the concept of zero to hero, however in this concept Jane Eyre is a hero.  I need to write about this.

The concept of zero to hero means that the protagonist goes from a pitiful pathos developing character (zero) to a successful person (hero).  The idea of the successful person varies as much as the idea for a hero.  Look at all our Victorian protagonists.  Most of them end up in some degree successful, but not any kind of real hero.  Before I redefine a real hero, let me look at some character examples.  Jane Eyre ends up married to her love and by her own measure, successful.  Sara Crew ends the novel saved and wealthy with a new father to love and cherish her—that is indeed successful, but not a hero.  You might say Sara Crew ended up as a low level hero by helping the other girls and Becky the scullery maid.  Oliver Twist ends up found by his family and relations and returned to his position of birth.  He does act somewhat like a hero, but the prostitute is more of a hero than Oliver Twist.  On the other hand, many of Jack Vance’s protagonists are real heroes.  Just what is a real hero?

A real hero is a character who intentionally risks his or her life or safety for the benefit of others.  As we saw, Beowulf is a no kidding real hero.  Kim is a no kidding real hero.  Ulysses is a no kidding real hero.  Let’s look at Ulysses.

Ulysses is a manly man.  I know it isn’t popular today to talk about characters like this.  We are making our protagonists and characters sexless and meaninglessly sexless.  I need to remind you.  Men and women are different.  If you don’t know this, you just aren’t very observant.  You can make your men and women the same, but I can guarantee you, your characters won’t be realistic or memorable.  We value women and girls in different ways than we value men and boys.  I’ve written before, a hungry abused girl or woman can be a pathetic character, a man or boy who is hungry or abused is considered weak and unmanly.  Likewise, men are expected to act in certain ways in certain circumstances and women in different ways.  This is especially true in a historical environment or setting.  For example, although we love the idea of a woman or girl picking up a sword and fighting off the bad guys, that is not historical and very unlikely.  Girls can indeed be as strong as boys until the boys hit puberty, and then the girl will be at a disadvantage in a fight or physical competition.  This is just human physiology. 

As authors, and people we treat women, men, children, boys, and girls differently.  In fact, we treat people from different cultures and societies differently.  We have weight limits for boxing and wrestling.  We separate men’s and women’s and adolescent boy’s and girl’s sports.  These are just realities.  You must reflect these realities in your novels.  That isn’t to say you can’t have a jujitsu fighting girl or woman as your protagonist.  For example, my character Azure Rose is a hand fighting dangerous young woman.  She beats up on men, but she is always cautious because she realizes that not everyone is a pushover.  There is always a risk for a weak boy, weak man, girl, or woman to be overcome physically in a fight.  Trained women might hold their own against an untrained or lessor trained person.  A great author will realize these difference and use them well in a novel.  Back to Ulysses.

Ulysses is a man’s man.  He is a leader in the Greek classical era and someone who comports with the gods.  In the mind of the Greeks, Ulysses is a great man and leader, and the epic poem the Odyssey celebrates his heroics and his actions as a Greek warrior and man.  Ulysses isn’t particularly educated in a modern sense.  He isn’t a reader in the modern sense.  Books were not invented.  What Ulysses is, is a Greek who can be admired as a warrior and leader.  He is willing to risk his life and limbs for his men, but there is a little issue there too.  Ulysses isn’t a modern hero, the kind who stands around doing wonderful stuff while the regular people die to the left and right, but he is kind of this kind of hero.

How to explain this.  The modern hero is the superman kind of character who is fighting to save the world, but the regular folks are dying to the left and right.  This is the modern Star Trek hero.  The main characters in Star Trek are fighting the enemy, but the spaceman without a last name is the first guy to die.  Hundreds might be dying in the ship, but as long as the main characters are alive and well, then the audience accepts the hero world of the shows.  Real heroes die before everyone else. 

In this way Ulysses is like a modern hero.  He keeps losing his warriors, but for some reason there are always enough to row the ship—the Star Trek model.  People love and remember Ulysses, but Ulysses is this kind of hero.  I prefer the more classic hero and the more classic novels where everyone matters and no one is cannon fodder.

In any case, we can use Ulysses as an example of a great hero and a memorable protagonist.  In general, the reader agrees with the decisions and actions of Ulysses.  Ulysses uses the great trick to get by the Cyclops.  He tricks Circe.  He wins back his house and wife.  He wins because he is a Greek warrior, but more because he is a Greek trickster and rational thinker.  This is really important to look at—the hero who is a rational thinker.  This might be the most missing protagonist in modern novels. 

The point is that we need to keep our readers content and pleased with our characters while presenting the revelation of the protagonist and the plot.    

The beginning of creativity is study and effort.  We can use this to extrapolate to creativity.  In addition, we need to look at recording ideas and working with ideas.    
    
More tomorrow.

For more information, you can visit my author site http://www.ldalford.com/, and my individual novel websites:

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